"On CO₂ emissions, solutions based on propulsion technology and SAF will barely move the needle by 2040. To meet its CO₂ reduction goals, commercial air transport will have to do less flying—in addition to modernizing fleets, using SAF, ensuring enough SAF feedstock is directed to aviation and offsetting emissions. If you want to reduce CO₂, emissions in an optimal way at a society's level, you tackle aviation last. You want to decarbonize cement production and electric power plants first. Aviation will have to compete for decarbonized energy."

— Jim Harris, Bain partner