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      HBR Russia

      Стратегия в век сверхизобилия капитала

      Стратегия в век сверхизобилия капитала

      Майкл Мэнкинс, Карен Харрис и Дэвид Хардинг

      • min read

      Article

      Стратегия в век сверхизобилия капитала
      ru

      Последние 50 лет руководители компаний считали самым ценным ресурсом финансовый капитал. Они делали все возможное, чтобы каждый пенс использовался для финансирования лишь наиболее перспективных проектов. Целые поколения руководителей учили применять минимальные ставки доходности, отражающие высокую стоимость капитала, преобладавшую в 1980-х и 1990-х годах. Такие компании, как General Electric и Berkshire Hathaway, превозносили за строжайшую инвестиционную дисциплину.

      Но теперь финансовый капитал перестал быть ограниченным ресурсом – он доступен в больших объемах и дешев. По оценке группы анализа макротенденций Bain, размер мирового финансового капитала за последние тридцать лет увеличился более чем в три раза и в настоящее время равен примерно десятикратному мировому ВВП. По мере увеличения капитала его цена заметно снижалась. Для многих крупных компаний стоимость заемных средств после уплаты налогов приблизилась к уровню инфляции, т.е. реальные затраты на привлечение заемных средств близки к нулю. Любое достаточно прибыльное крупное предприятие может легко получить необходимый ему капитал для приобретения оборудования, разработки продукта, выхода на новый рынок и даже для приобретения нового бизнеса. Конечно, руководству компаний по-прежнему необходимо тщательно управлять своими денежными средствами: в конце концов потери – всегда потери. Но умение хорошо распоряжаться финансовым капиталом больше не является условием устойчивого конкурентного преимущества.

      Впервые эта статья была опубликована в Harvard Business Review (может потребоваться подписка).

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      First published in февраль 2017
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